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من، تو، سینما
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ادبیات انگلیسی، شرح و تفسیر فیلم، معرفی نویسنده گان و آثار آنها |
Hamlet - The Prince of Denmark, the title character, and the protagonist. About thirty years old at the start of the play, Hamlet is the son of Queen Gertrude and the late King Hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, Claudius. Hamlet is melancholy, bitter, and cynical, full of hatred for his uncle’s scheming and disgust for his mother’s sexuality. A reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the
Gertrude - The Queen of Denmark, Hamlet’s mother, recently married to Claudius. Gertrude loves Hamlet deeply, but she is a shallow, weak woman who seeks affection and status more urgently than moral rectitude or truth.
Polonius - The Lord Chamberlain of Claudius’s court, a pompous, conniving old man. Polonius is the father of Laertes and Ophelia.
Horatio - Hamlet’s close friend, who studied with the prince at the university in
Ophelia - Polonius’s daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom Hamlet has been in love. Ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, Laertes. Dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to Polonius’s schemes to spy on Hamlet. Even in her lapse into madness and death, she remains maidenly, singing songs about flowers and finally drowning in the river amid the flower garlands she had gathered.
Laertes - Polonius’s son and Ophelia’s brother, a young man who spends much of the play in
Fortinbras - The young Prince of Norway, whose father the king (also named Fortinbras) was killed by Hamlet’s father (also named Hamlet). Now Fortinbras wishes to attack
The Ghost - The specter of Hamlet’s recently deceased father. The ghost, who claims to have been murdered by Claudius, calls upon Hamlet to avenge him. However, it is not entirely certain whether the ghost is what it appears to be, or whether it is something else. Hamlet speculates that the ghost might be a devil sent to deceive him and tempt him into murder, and the question of what the ghost is or where it comes from is never definitively resolved.
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern - Two slightly bumbling courtiers, former friends of Hamlet from
Osric - The foolish courtier who summons Hamlet to his duel with Laertes.
Voltimand and Cornelius - Courtiers whom Claudius sends to
Marcellus and Bernardo - The officers who first see the ghost walking the ramparts of
Francisco - A soldier and guardsman at
Reynaldo - Polonius’s servant, who is sent to
Plot Summary
Hamlet Summary provides a quick review of the play's plot including every important action in the play. Hamlet Summary is divided by the five acts of the play and is an ideal introduction before reading the original text.
Act I.
Shakespeare's longest play and the play responsible for the immortal lines "To be or not to be: that is the question:" and the advise "to thine own self be true," begins in
King Claudius fearing Young Fortinbras of Norway may invade, has sent ambassadors to
Laertes, the son of Lord Chamberlain Polonius, gives his sister Ophelia some brotherly advice. He warns Ophelia not to fall in love with Young Hamlet; she will only be hurt. Polonius tells his daughter Ophelia not to return Hamlet's affections for her since he fears Hamlet is only using her...
Hamlet meets the Ghost of his father, King Hamlet and follows it to learn more...
Hamlet learns from King Hamlet's Ghost that he was poisoned by King Claudius, the current ruler of
Act II.
Polonius tells Reynaldo to spy on his son Laertes in
King Claudius instructs courtiers Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to find out what is causing Hamlet's strange "transformation," or change of character. Queen Gertrude reveals that only King Hamlet's death and her recent remarriage could be upsetting Hamlet.
We learn more of Young Fortinbras' movements and Polonius has his own theory about Hamlet's transformation; it is caused by Hamlet's love for his daughter Ophelia. Hamlet makes his famous speech about the greatness of man. Hamlet plans to use a play to test if King Claudius really did kill his father as King Hamlet's Ghost told him...
Act III.
The King's spies, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern report to King Claudius on Hamlet's behavior. Hamlet is eager for King Claudius and Queen Gertrude to watch a play tonight which Hamlet has added lines to.
King Claudius and Polonius listen in on Hamlet's and Ophelia's private conversation. Hamlet suspects Ophelia is spying on him and is increasingly hostile to her before leaving.
King Claudius decides to send Hamlet to
The main play called "The Murder of Gonzago" is performed, causing King Claudius to react in a way which convinces Hamlet that his uncle did indeed poison his father King Hamlet as the Ghost previously had told him... Hamlet pretends not to know that the play has offended King Claudius. Hamlet agrees to speak with his mother in private...
King Claudius admits his growing fear of Hamlet and decides to send him overseas to
Queen Gertrude attempts to scold her son but Hamlet instead scolds his mother for her actions. Queen Gertrude cries out in fear, and Polonius echoes it and is stabbed through the arras (subdivision of a room created by a hanging tapestry) where he was listening in. Hamlet continues scolding his mother but the Ghost reappears, telling Hamlet to be gentle with the Queen. For her part, Queen Gertrude agrees to stop living with King Claudius, beginning her redemption....
Act IV.
King Claudius speaks with his wife, Queen Gertrude. He learns of Polonius' murder which shocks him; it could easily have been him. Queen Gertrude lies for her son, saying that Hamlet is as mad as a tempestuous sea. King Claudius, now scared of Hamlet, decides to have Hamlet sent away to
Hamlet refuses to tell Rosencrantz and Guildenstern where Polonius' dead body is hidden. He calls Rosencrantz and Guildenstern lapdogs revealing his true awareness that they are not his friends. Hamlet agrees to see King Claudius.
Hamlet continues to refuse to tell Rosencrantz and Guildenstern where Polonius' body is. Hamlet is brought before the King. The two exchange words, clearly circling each other, each aware that the other is a threat. Hamlet tells King Claudius where Polonius body is. King Claudius ominously tells Hamlet to leave for
Young Fortinbras marches his army across
The death of Polonius leaves its mark on Ophelia who becomes mad from the grief of losing her father. Laertes storms King Claudius' castle, demanding to see his father and wanting justice when he learns that his father, Polonius has been killed. King Claudius remains calm, telling Laertes that he too mourned his father's loss...
Horatio is greeted by sailors who have news from Hamlet. Horatio follows the sailors to learn more... King Claudius explains to Laertes that Hamlet killed his father, Polonius. Deciding they have a common enemy, they plot Hamlet's death at a fencing match to be arranged between Laertes and Hamlet. Laertes learns of his sister Ophelia's death by drowning...
Act V.
Hamlet and Horatio speak with a cheerful Clown or gravedigger. Hamlet famously realizes that man's accomplishments are transitory (fleeting) and holding the skull of Yorick, a childhood jester he remembered, creates a famous scene about man's insignificance and inability to control his fate following death.
At Ophelia's burial, the Priest reveals a widely held belief that Ophelia committed suicide, angering Laertes. Hamlet fights Laertes over Ophelia's grave, angered by Laertes exaggerated emphasis of his sorrow and because he believes he loved Ophelia much more than her brother.
Hamlet explains to Horatio how he avoided the death planned for him in
Summoned by Osric to fence against Laertes, Hamlet arrives at a hall in the castle and fights Laertes. Queen Gertrude drinks a poisoned cup meant for Hamlet, dying but not before telling all that she has been poisoned.
Hamlet wins the first two rounds against Laertes but is stabbed and poisoned fatally in the third round. Exchanging swords whilst fighting, Hamlet wounds and poisons Laertes who explains that his sword is poison tipped.
Now dying, Hamlet stabs King Claudius with this same sword, killing him. Hamlet, dying, tells Horatio to tell his story and not to commit suicide. Hamlet recommends Young Fortinbras as the next King of Denmark. Young Fortinbras arrives, cleaning up the massacre. Horatio promises to tell all the story we have just witnessed, ending the play.
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آن را يک اشارت بس بود. A word is enough to the wise
همه کاره و هيچ کاره. A Jack of all trades is master of none
When you think that all is hidden
and no one can see within
Remember, Friend,
God Can.
وقتي فكر مي كني همه چيز پنهان است
و هيچكس نمي تواند درون را ببيند
به ياد داشته باش دوست عزيز من
خدا مي تواند
And when you have reached the bottom
And you think that no one can hear
Remember my dear Friend
God Can.
وقتي به انتها مي رسي و گمان ميكني
کسي نيست تا صدايت را بشنود
به ياد داشته باش دوست عزيز من
خدا مي تواند
And when you think that no one can love
The real person deep inside of you
Remember my dear Friend,
God Does.
وقتي گمان ميبري كسي نمي تواند
به خود واقعي درون تو عشق بورزد
دوست عزيز من به ياد داشته باش
خدا مي تواند.
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Hemingvay - Ernest ارنست همينگوي به سال 1898 در اوك پارك ايليونوي به جهان آمد. در پس آثار او انضباط كامل نثري نهفته است كه نويسندگان نوگراي ساكن پاريس ، در سالهاي پس از جنگ جهاني اول، طالب آن بودند. همينگوي بسيار زود از سوي نوگرايان ياد شده ، گرترود استاين ، فورد مادوكس فورد، شروود اندرسن و عزرا پاوند ، به عنوان يار جديد پذيرفته شد. همينگوي صراحت بيان تحسين انگيز خود را از شروود اندرسن ، روشني نثر خود را از گزارش نويسي براي روزنامه ها و انضباط هنري خويش را از گروترود استاين ، بانوي نويسنده و روشنفكر امريكايي كسب كرد. كسب موجز و مضمون خشن و ظاهرا محدود همينگوي در اروپا تحسين يك گروه و دشمني درك ناپذير گروهي ديگر را برانگيخت. اما امريكاييان، كه ميراث ادبي آنان از تمثيل و نماد انباشته است، نكته هاي دقيق و دست آورد او را بهتر شناختند...
Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961)
General significance
One of the great innovators of the twentieth-century form, Ernest Hemingway continues to be among the most widely read, frequently taught, and carefully studied American prose writers. Although not as prolific in either the short story or the novel as some of his contemporaries, no other American writer of fiction in the 20th century ―except perhaps William Faulkner―has won as great measure of distinction as a literary artist or exerted as much influence on other writers as has Hemingway. His subject matter, attitudes, narrative techniques, and style have been reflected in the works of many other authors.
من افسانه هستم(امتیاز7.3)
من، تو، سینما
با سلام خدمت دوستای عزیز.قصد دارم اگه خدا بخواد و کمکم کنید هر چند هفته ای(جمعه ها)به معرفی، شرح و تفسیر(برداشت خودم و سایر دوستان) یک فیلم(خارجی) بپردازم.خوشحال میشم کمکم کنید و برداشتتون از هر فیلمو باهم به اشتراک بزاریم.
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